Hamwe na cyanobacterial ikunze kumera mu biyaga no kwiyongera kwa eutrophasique, abasesengura ubuziranenge bw’amazi ya fosifore, nkibikoresho byingenzi bigenzura ubuzima bw’amazi, batanga ibimenyetso bya siyansi yo kurengera ibidukikije binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga risobanutse neza. Ibi bikoresho ntabwo byerekana byihuse ibyuzuye muri fosifore mu mazi ahubwo binagira uruhare rudasubirwaho mugukurikirana ibidukikije, gutunganya amazi, n’umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, guhinduka "sentineri zubwenge" zirinda umutekano w’ibidukikije.
I. Ibiranga imikorere: Kwishyira hejuru kwinshi hamwe nubuhanga bwubwenge
Ibyiza byingenzi byisesengura ryamazi meza ya fosifore biri mubitekerezo byabo byinshi, igisubizo cyihuse, nigikorwa cyikora. Ibikoresho nyamukuru bikoresha uburyo bwa chimique yamashanyarazi (nka amonium molybdate spectrophotometrie) cyangwa isesengura ryerekana. Binyuze hejuru - igogorwa ryubushyuhe, fosifore kama na organic organique mumazi bihinduka orthophosifate igaragara. Kwinjira noneho bipimwa hifashishijwe uburebure bwihariye (nka 700nm), amaherezo ukabara fosifore yose hamwe. Kurugero, ibikoresho bya laboratoire birashobora kugera kumipaka iri munsi ya 0.01 mg / L, hamwe na sensor ntoya ndetse irenga 0.001 mg / L, bigatuma hamenyekana neza umwanda wa fosifore. Automation nubwenge nibintu byingenzi biranga igisekuru gishya cyibikoresho. Ibikoresho birimo module igogora yikora, ishoboye gukora ingero zamazi zuzuye zirimo ibintu byahagaritswe, bigabanya intoki. Kwandika amakuru no gusohora ibikorwa bifasha nyabyo - kubika umwanya no kohereza muri mudasobwa, byorohereza gukurikirana - gukurikirana no gusesengura igihe. Moderi zimwe na zimwe - zanyuma nazo zihuza ibintu byinshi - ibipimo byerekana ibimenyetso nka COD na azote ya ammonia, bigabanya ubunini bwa 40% naho gukoresha ingufu kuri 25%, bigera kuri "imashini imwe, gukoresha byinshi." Byongeye kandi, ikoreshwa rya AI algorithms ryemerera igikoresho guhita kimenya amakuru adasanzwe, bikarushaho kunoza igenzura ryizewe.
II. Porogaramu Ifatika: Yuzuye - Igipfukisho Cyerekana Kuva muri Laboratoire kugera kumurima
1. Gukurikirana Ibidukikije: Kuburira hakiri kare Eutrophication
Mu kurinda amazi y’amazi karemano, abasesengura fosifore bose ni "umurongo" wo kuburira hakiri kare eutrophasi. Kurugero, umuyoboro wo gukurikirana kumurongo woherejwe nikigo gishinzwe kugenzura ibidukikije mu ntara mu kibaya cy’ikiyaga cya Taihu watanze umuburo hakiri kare ku bijyanye n’impanuka ziterwa na cyanobacterial mu 2023 binyuze mu bitekerezo nyabyo -, bitanga amasaha 72 y'ingenzi yo gutabara byihutirwa. Amakuru yukuri neza (ikosa ritarenze cyangwa rihwanye na 5%) hamwe no gutuza (drift Ntibisanzwe cyangwa bingana na 2% nyuma yiminsi 30 yo gukomeza gukora) bitanga ishingiro ryubumenyi bwo gucunga amazi.
2. Gutunganya Amazi: Kunoza inzira no kugera ku gusohora bisanzwe
Ibimera bitunganya amazi yishingikiriza kubisesengura rya fosifore kugirango ihindure uburyo bwo gutunganya. Ikusanyamakuru rya fosifore mu buyobozi bukomeye bugira urugero rwa reagent, mu gihe ibizamini bisohoka byubahiriza byimazeyo "Uruganda rutunganya imyanda yo mu mijyi itunganya imyanda ihumanya" (fosifore ntarengwa 0.5 mg / L). Uruganda rumwe rutunganya amazi mabi mu nganda, nyuma yo gushyiraho isesengura ryihuse, yagabanije igihe kimwe - cyo kwipimisha kuva amasaha 2 ukoresheje uburyo gakondo kugeza ku minota 30, byongera ubushobozi bwo gutunganya buri munsi bigera kuri 200, kandi byongera imikorere inshuro 6.
3. Umusaruro wubuhinzi: Kurinda Non - ingingo Yanduye
Ubuhinzi butari - kwanduza isoko ni impamvu ikomeye itera urugero rwa fosifore ikabije mu mazi. Abasesenguzi ba fosifore bose barashobora kumenya ibirimo fosifore mumazi yo kuhira no kuvomera imirima, bifasha abahinzi guhindura neza ifumbire mvaruganda. Kurugero, mumuceri wamajyepfo - uduce dukura, kugenzura ubukana bwa fosifore mumashanyarazi yumurima wumuceri (mubisanzwe bigenzurwa munsi ya 0.1 mg / L) birinda ifumbire ya fosifate ikabije gutembera mumigezi no mubiyaga, kurinda urusobe rwibinyabuzima no kuzamura ifumbire mvaruganda.
III. Inzira zikoranabuhanga: Miniaturisation na Multi - Kwinjiza Parameter
Hamwe n’ibisabwa byiyongera ku kurengera ibidukikije, abasesengura fosifore bose barimo gutera imbere bagana miniaturizasi no gukoresha ingufu nke. Tekinoroji ya microfluidic yagabanije ubunini bwa sensor kugera kurwego rwa santimetero, byongera umuvuduko wo gusubiza inshuro 8, bituma bikurikirana gukurikirana umurima utabigenewe. Icyarimwe, isoko irerekana inzira iganisha kuri "bitanu - guhuza ibipimo," bihuza ibipimo nka COD, azote ya amoniya, na azote yose kugirango ihuze byinshi - byo gupima ubuziranenge bw'amazi. Imibare irerekana ko Ubushinwa isoko ry’ibikoresho byo kugenzura fosifore ryageze kuri miliyari 3.8 mu 2024 kandi biteganijwe ko rizarenga miliyari 6.5 mu 2027, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko inganda zazamuka vuba.
Kuva ibizamini bya laboratoire neza kugeza kubikurikiranwa mu murima, abasesengura ubwiza bw’amazi ya fosifore bakoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gushimangira umurongo wo kurinda umutekano w’ibidukikije. Inkunga yabo yukuri ntabwo itanga gusa icyemezo - cyo gufata ingamba zo kurwanya umwanda ahubwo inatuma icyerekezo cyibidukikije cy "amazi meza, inkombe zicyatsi, n’amafi yoga mu mazi magari".
